Friday 15 November 2013

A New Beginning? The 2014/15 GP contract for England.




It’s a big day for GPs in England - at midnight, under the cover of darkness, the government and BMA announced the 2014/15 GP contract for England –believed highly likely to contain sweeping changes in a time of austerity despite a stretched and jaded primary care workforce that would pummel us further in to the ground.  It was splashed all over the TV and in the papers this morning with headline grabbing changes.

Here’s the link to the BMA summary and full report: www.bma.org.uk/gpcontract
 
The reforms actually seem quite positive for what GPs have been saying they want for years: a reduction in bureaucracy to free up time for helping patients.  It helps address many of the issues we have discussed recently on the Hot Topics course such as multimorbidity, end of life care, having time to address complex medical issues and identify and treat malnutrition.

The main reforms are:

  • Slashing QOF indicators and removing QP – a total of 341 points will be freed up from QOF
    • Amazingly the money will actually be put in to core funding (through the global sum) to pay for the new changes – the contract seems pretty level financially.
    • Some QOF targets and timeframes will be relaxed – particularly the removal of HYP003 (the one where BP must be ≤140/90…)

  • A named GP for all over 75s
    • This seemed to be a big deal for the media and the government – they don’t seem to realise that patients have always had a named GP – but now this will be more formalised with that GP taking responsibility for that patient and co-ordinating care with over health and social care professionals.
  • A big section is a new “unplanned admissions Enhanced Service” funded through the money removed from QP. 
    •  Older, vulnerable, high risk patients, those needing end of life care or at high risk of hospital admissions will be identified using a risk stratification tool and then pro-actively case managed. 
    •  If these patients have urgent queries they will need to addressed on the same day – this can be done over the telephone – and I think most of us try to provide this anyway. 
    • Practices will need to have a “hot line” in hours for emergency services and secondary care to discuss patients accessing these services – this doesn’t mean 24hr availability! 
    • These patients will need to have a care plan, a named GP and care co-ordinator (evolving roles for our practice nurses?)
    • They will need regular reviews and any unplanned admissions will also need review. 
    • This will require a change in the way we work with vulnerable patients, but hopefully with the pointless bureaucracy of QP removed we may have some extra time to enable this.  It’s worth noting hese changes have been successfully piloted in Scotland with big benefit to patients and the health service alike (“Anticipatory Care Planning” - BJGP 2012;62;84)

  • There’s some sketchy talk about “choice of practice” which basically means forget boundaries but this won’t be in April 2014 and may be “voluntary”.
  • Practices which have opted out of OOH will need to monitor the quality of their local service – I can think of a few things to say about 111…
  • Seniority will be phased out over 6 years and the money will go into core funding for practices.


This is not a complete account of the contract by any means – other areas include IT (providing online access for prescriptions, appointments and the Summary Care Record), a Friends and Family test (patient feedback through a slightly too simplistic question) and a sneaky bit about publishing GP earnings (I can only hope they explain what we get after all the bloody deductions…).

For GPs in Scotland, a minimal change contract is being negotiated for 2014, Wales is trying to reduce bureaucracy and Northern Ireland is looking to reduce QOF.  It seems the UK has become quite the experiment.

From the clinical perspective in England there are going to be changes, but for now, surprisingly, these might be changes for the better.  As ever, the proof is in the eating, the devil is in the detail and of course, no-one knows what next year may bring.

Neal

Wednesday 6 November 2013

Statins after haemorrhagic stroke


 
We have been consistently asked why statins are to be avoided after haemorrhagic stroke.


 Treatment with statin therapy should be avoided and only used with caution, if

required for other indications, in individuals with a recent primary intracerebral

haemorrhage.’

 
The reason for this is that back in 2003 a seminal meta-analyis by Law and Wald
click here showed an increase in haemorrhagic stroke risk with statins.

 Overall there was a 15% decrease in thromboembolic stroke and a 19% increase in haemorrhagic stroke (including sub-arachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral haemorrhage). The reasons for this were unclear, and the authors stated there were too few haemorrhagic strokes to be certain it was a real effect.  However since then two subsequent RCTs  NEJM 2006   Neurology 2008 also showed a very small increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke with statins

However, other RCTs have not shown an increased risk and the recent primary prevention Cochrane meta-analysis did not show an increased risk. The most reassuring data however comes from a meta-analysis of all RCTs which have reported stroke as an outcome Stroke meta-analysis 2012 In this study of 95,000 patients statin therapy was not associated with significant increase in ICH. A significant reduction in all stroke and all-cause mortality was observed with statin therapy.

 So what should we as GPs do?

There has been a question mark that statins may increase intracerebral haemorrhage, so in patients who have had a recent haemorrhagic stroke the RCP guidance seems prudent and sensible. However, more recent data is reassuring and given that the benefits of statins are so clear in established vascular disease then in patients with co-morbidity (e.g. previous haemorrhagic stroke and established ischaemic heart disease) individualised decisions will need to be made between you, your patient and the specialist. The most important thing, of course, for both types of stroke is good BP control <130/80.